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Atoms join in the race for lithography in the next century

Aug 1, 1998

An impressive technology has been developing since the 1960s to make the tiny electronic devices that form the basic circuits in today's computer chips. Huge ultraclean buildings filled with lithography machines costing $2-4 million each churn out 20 000 silicon wafers every month, producing more transistors per square millimetre for less money than ever before. But many experts say that the steady increases in circuit density will come to an abrupt halt if we do not come up with some radical new ideas.

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