Mathematics and computation

Latest articles

Jogger illustrating the impact of exercise on tumour suppression

Mathematical model sheds light on how exercise suppresses tumour growth

Simulations of a spherical target at NIF, showing the convergent shocks delivered to the fusion plasma

Optimization algorithm gives laser fusion a boost

Simulations suggest that iterative technique could increase the energy output of direct-drive inertial confinement fusion

Electromagnetic waves solve partial differential equations

New photonic technique could boost analogue alternatives to numerical methods

Research headlines

Photo of a small bonfire at night in a forest clearing with flames rising skywards. A camera on a tripod and other equipment are silhouetted against the flames, and aluminium baking trays can be seen scattered around the forest floor near the fire.

Bursts of embers play outsized role in wildfire spread, say physicists

Physics-based model helps pedestrians and cyclists avoid city pollution

Genetically engineered bacteria solve computational problems

Air-powered computers make a comeback

Novel device contains a pneumatic logic circuit made from 21 microfluidic valves

Electro-active material ‘learns’ to play Pong

Memory-like behaviour emerges in a polymer gel

Open problem in quantum entanglement theory solved after nearly 25 years

Non-existence of universal maximally entangled isospectral mixed states has implications for research on quantum technologies

Sunflowers ‘dance’ together to share sunlight

Zigzag patterns created by circular motion of growing stems

AI-assisted photonic detector identifies fake semiconductor chips

New technique could reduce risks of unwanted surveillance, chip failure and theft, say researchers

Kirigami cubes make a novel mechanical computer

New device can store, retrieve and erase data

New Machine Learning series

Discover IOPP’s new Machine Learning series™ the world’s first open access journal series dedicated to the application and development of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) for the sciences.

Opinion and reviews

Confused by the twin paradox? Maybe philosophy can help

Goats, sports cars and game shows: the unexpected science behind machine learning and AI

A love of triangles, the physics of spin, volcanic science and Pascal’s papers: micro reviews of the best recent books

Explore more in mathematics and computation

Collage styled urban graphic for Artificial Intelligence concept. Large robotic figure looms over crowd of silhouetted people

Why AI is a force for good in science communication

Claire Malone looks at the ups and downs of using AI to communicate science

Universe’s lifespan too short for monkeys to type out Shakespeare’s works, finds study

About 200,000 monkeys could type out “I chimp, therefore I am” before the universe ends, however

AI enters the fold with the 2024 Nobel Prize for Physics:

Matin Durrani is pleased that the 2024 Nobel Prize for Physics brings AI under physicists' wing

Aerial photo of a crowd of people in Frankfurt, Germany

Flocking together: the physics of sheep herding and pedestrian flows

Learn how the science of crowd movements can help shepherds and urban designers

Deep connections: why two AI pioneers won the Nobel Prize for Physics

Our podcast guest is Anil Ananthaswamy, author of Why Machines Learn

Study finds preschool children form ‘social droplets’ when moving around the classroom

The movement of preschool children results in two distinct phases, find study

Field work – the physics of sheep, from phase transitions to collective motion

Physics sheds a new insight on the behaviour of sheep flocks, helping with new tips on shepherding

Spot the knot: using AI to untangle the topology of molecules

Solving a centuries-old mathematical puzzle could hold the key to understanding the function of many of the molecules of life

The eyes have it: how to spot the difference between a deepfake portrait and a real picture

How do you spot a deepfake image of a person? The answer might be to look into their eyes.

Image of a tornado and dark clouds against a bright horizon

Why North America has a ‘tornado alley’ and South America doesn’t

There’s a scientific reason why Twisters is set in the US Great Plains rather than Argentina, and it has to do with the Gulf of Mexico

Diagram of a Brillouin sphere and the planet it contains

Classical models of gravitational field show flaws close to the Earth

New gravitational field model quantifies the "divergence problem" identified in 2022

Deep transfer learning-predicted tumour segmentations

Deep transfer learning detects six different cancers on PET/CT scans

A generalizable AI tool performs fully automated tumour segmentation on whole-body PET/CT images

Montage of four photos showing a dragonfly, the tail of a whale rising out of water, a bat and a hummingbird

Simple equation predicts how quickly animals flap their wings

Relationship between mass, wing area and wingbeat frequency holds true for insects, bats, birds, whales and even a flapping robot

Image showing three clusters of spheres, representing nucleons, within a 3D grid

Nuclear physicists tame radius calculation problem

New "wavefunction matching" method correctly predicts nuclear radii of elements with atomic numbers from 2 to 58

A snapshot from a simulation of how microtubules bend and direct material in a maturing egg cell into a twister-like flow. The simulated egg cell looks like an upturned blue dish with swirling patterns

Micro-tornadoes help transport nutrients within egg cells

New work sheds light on vortex flows involved in mixing and transporting ooplasmic components that cells need to develop

Will radiotherapy ultimately be delivered by AI bots?

Will future radiotherapy be delivered entirely by AI bots?

The ESTRO 2024 closing debate saw speakers discuss whether the radiation therapy care pathway will be delivered entirely by bots by 2040

Data science CDT puts industry collaboration at its heart

The Liverpool Centre for Doctoral Training (CDT) for Innovation in Data Intensive Science is preparing the next generation of physicists for their future careers

Artificial intelligence: developing useful tools that scientists can trust

Computer scientist Rick Stevens is our podcast guest

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